The Classification of the Functional Psychoses

Abstract

Ever since Kraepelin introduced his schizophrenic-manic-depressive dichotomy in 1896, this classification of the functional psychoses has enjoyed virtually unanimous acceptance. However, the frequency with which the differentiation of schizophrenia from manic-depressive psychosis seems to present problems in clinical practice inclines one to question whether Kraepelin's classification was entirely adequate. The object of this paper will be to try and highlight some of the reasons for the existing confusion and tentatively to suggest possible means of clarifying the situation.