Isolation, characterization, and in vitro inhibitory activity of a new alpha-glucosidase inhibitor from Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Oken leaves

Author:

Nursamsiar NursamsiarORCID,Marwati Marwati,Khairuddin Khairuddin,Sami Fitriyanti Jumaetri,Kasmawati HennyORCID,Aligita WidhyaORCID,Febrina EllinORCID,Asnawi AiyiORCID

Abstract

Context: The development of novel and potent alpha-glucosidase inhibitors from natural sources holds immense promise for treating diabetes. Aims: To identify the isolated compound, determine its inhibitory potency, explore its molecular interactions with the alpha-glucosidase receptor, and understand the role of specific structural features in its inhibitory activity. Methods: Research began with the isolation and identification of the new gallic acid derivative of the Schleichera oleosa leaf extract. The isolated compound (1) was characterized as 3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid using spectroscopic techniques. In vitro studies were carried out to compare the IC50 values of the ethanolic extract, isolate 1, and acarbose. Results: Isolate 1 exhibited significantly higher inhibitory potency against the -glucosidase enzyme compared to acarbose. Subsequently, molecular docking studies were performed to gain insight into the molecular interactions between the gallic acid derivatives and the active site of the -glucosidase receptor. The docking simulations revealed that the protection of the methyl group on the hydroxy group of the gallic acid derivatives played a crucial role in enhancing its binding affinity to the alpha-glucosidase receptor. This molecular interaction insight provides valuable information for the design of more potent and selective -glucosidase inhibitors based on this structural feature. Conclusions: These results collectively suggest that the newly isolated gallic acid derivative has promising potential as a natural -glucosidase inhibitor for diabetes management. Further research and optimization of this compound could lead to the development of novel and effective therapeutics for glycemic control in individuals with diabetes.

Publisher

Garval Editorial Ltda.

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