Confirmed Malaria Cases in Children under Five Years: The Influence of Suspected Cases, Tested Cases, and Climatic Conditions

Author:

Tawiah Kassim12ORCID,Asampana Asosega Killian12ORCID,Ansah Richard Kwame13ORCID,Appiah Sampson Takyi1,Otoo Dominic1,Aponye Isaac Aganeba1,Tinbil Thomas1,Addai Isaac Mensah4

Affiliation:

1. Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Energy and Natural Resources, P.O. Box 214, Sunyani, Ghana

2. Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana

3. Department of Mathematics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana

4. Department of Health Information, Sunyani Municipal Hospital, Sunyani, Ghana

Abstract

Tropical and potentially fatal malaria is brought on by the parasite Plasmodium spp which spreads through infected female anopheles mosquitoes within the human populations. In Ghana, malaria is endemic and perennial, with distinct seasonal fluctuations in the northern part. Children aged below five years are among the population most vulnerable to malaria in Ghana. This study’s goal is to establish how suspected malaria cases, tested malaria cases, and climatic conditions impact confirmed malaria cases in children under five years in the Sunyani Municipality, Bono Region, Ghana. The dependent variable, monthly number of confirmed cases of malaria in children under five years, was modelled with the independent variables, monthly number of tested cases of malaria in children under five years, mean monthly relative humidity, mean monthly rainfall, and mean monthly temperature, in the Sunyani Municipality. We employed multiple linear regression after data transformation, exploratory data analysis, and correlation analysis. Results show that tested malaria cases and climatic factors significantly influence confirmed malaria cases in children under 5 years. About 41.8% of variations in confirmed malaria cases among children under 5 years is attributed to climatic factors and the number of tested cases. Moreover, results show that increase in tested cases and rainfall leads to more confirmed malaria cases among children under 5 years, while increase in temperature reduces malaria infections. To reduce the incidence of malaria in children under five years, the government and its stakeholders should encourage parent to let their children sleep in treated mosquito nets, distil stagnant waters during raining seasons, spray bushes with antimosquito insecticides, and destroy all breeding grounds of mosquitoes at all times. We proposed that all malaria cases should be laboratory tested and properly confirmed.

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Health Policy,Sociology and Political Science,Social Sciences (miscellaneous)

Reference52 articles.

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