1. Department of Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
2. Shandong Key Industry Field Accident Prevention Technology Research Center (Non-Ferrous Metallurgy), Qingdao 266520, China
3. Shanghai Fire Research Institute of MEM, Shanghai 200032, China
4. School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China