A Comparison between Characterization and Biological Properties of Brazilian Fresh and Aged Propolis

Author:

Schmidt Eduardo Morgado12,Stock Daniele1,Chada Fabio José Garcia3,Finger Daiane1,Christine Helena Frankland Sawaya Alexandra4,Eberlin Marcos Nogueira2,Felsner Maria Lurdes1,Quináia Sueli Pércio1,Monteiro Marta Chagas3ORCID,Torres Yohandra Reyes1

Affiliation:

1. Universidade Estadual do Centro Oeste (UNICENTRO), CEDETEG, Rua Simeão Camargo Varela de Sá, 03 Vila Carli, 85040-080 Guarapuava, PR, Brazil

2. Laboratório Thomson de Espectrometria de Massas, Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil

3. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Avenida Augusto Correa No. 1, 66075-110 Belém, PA, Brazil

4. Departamento de Fisiologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil

Abstract

Objective. As propolis is a highly valued bee product, we aimed to verify the quality of aged propolis, investigating their phenolic and flavonoid composition, levels of toxic metals, radical scavenging and antimicrobial activities.Material and Methods. Samples of fresh and aged propolis of six different beekeepers, from the same geographical location, were investigated in terms of their phenolic and flavonoid composition and levels of Pb, Cd, and Cr, as well as radical scavenging and antimicrobial activities.Results. The two groups of propolis had similar qualitative composition by HPLC-PDA and ESI(-)-MS. Fresh propolis and aged propolis show no differences when average values of extraction yield, flavonoids, EC50, or MIC were compared and both types of propolis showed good antimicrobial activity at low concentrations. Only levels of phenolic compounds were higher in fresh propolis.Conclusion. The propolis samples considered in this study, aged or fresh, had similar qualitative composition, although they were collected in different periods. Samples only differed in their levels of total phenolic content. Moreover, aged propolis conserves significant radical scavenging and antimicrobial properties. We suggest that aged propolis should not be discarded but explored for alternative applications.

Funder

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

General Immunology and Microbiology,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Medicine

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