Synthesis of Carboxymethyl Chitosan-Capped Gold Nanoparticles by Gamma Irradiation with Novel Potential Applications as Antioxidant, Hepatoprotective, and Anticancer Substance

Author:

Linh Do Thi Phuong12ORCID,Nghia Nguyen Trong3ORCID,Vu Nguyen Thanh3ORCID,Ha Tran Le Truc4ORCID,Luan Le Quang3ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Institute of Malariology Parasitology and Entomology in Ho Chi Minh City, 699 Tran Hung Dao Street, District 5, Hochiminh City 700000, Vietnam

2. Faculty of Biological Science, Nong Lam University, Thu Duc District, Hochiminh City 700000, Vietnam

3. Biotechnology Center of Ho Chi Minh City, 2374, 1 Highway, Trung My Tay Ward, District 12, Hochiminh City 700000, Vietnam

4. Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 100A Nguyen Tat Thanh, District 4, Hochiminh City 700000, Vietnam

Abstract

Gold nanoparticles capped by carboxymethyl chitosan (AuNPs/CM-chitosan) with particle sizes of 5.2–7.3 nm were successfully synthesized by the γ-irradiation of Au3+ solutions. Their characteristics were analysed by transmission electron microscope images, powder X-ray diffraction patterns, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectra. The antioxidant activity of AuNP/CM-chitosan was time dependent and much higher than that of ascorbic acid at the same concentration. On the other hand, the results of tail vein injection of AuNP/CM-chitosan in mice indicated that this product was not toxic to mice and that AuNPs were mainly distributed in liver tissue, at approximately 77.5%, 6 h after injection. The hepatoprotective activity of AuNP/CM-chitosan was also tested in acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxic mice by oral administration at daily doses of 0.5–2 mg/head. The results indicated that compared to the control, supplementation with 2 mg of AuNPs/head strongly reduced the aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase indexes in the blood of the tested mice by approximately 66.5 and 69.3%, respectively. Furthermore, the MTT (3[4,5 dimetylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazol bromide) assay on a liver cancer cell line (HepG2) clearly confirmed strong anticancer activity on HepG2 cells treated with 0.05–0.5 mM AuNPs and the tested cells did not survive after treatment with 0.5 mM AuNPs, while the growth of the normal cell line (L929) has no significant effect at the same treated concentration of AuNPs. The AuNP/CM-chitosan in the present study was synthesized by the γ-irradiation method without using any toxic-reducing chemical and stabilized in a natural biocompatible polymer. The strong antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and anticancer effects of this product may be supported to be used in the biomedical field.

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

General Materials Science

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