Role of Pretreatment Hemoglobin-to-Platelet Ratio in Predicting Survival Outcome of Locally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients

Abstract

Background. The three-year survival rate of locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients in Indonesia is lower than in other Asian countries. Calculation of hemoglobin-to-platelet ratio (HPR) may become a more practical predictor than the ratios using leukocyte cell components. Yet, no study has been conducted to investigate the potential of HPR in predicting survival outcomes in locally advanced nasopharyngeal cancer patients. Objective. To determine the role of pretreatment hemoglobin-to-platelet ratio in predicting the three-year overall survival (OS) of locally advanced NPC. Method. A retrospective cohort study followed up on 289 locally advanced NPC patients who had undergone therapy at the Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital between January 2012 and October 2016. HPR cut-off was determined using ROC. Subjects were classified into two groups according to the HPR value. Kaplan-Meier curve was utilized to illustrate patients’ three-year survival, and Cox regression test analyzed confounding variables to yield an adjusted hazard ratio (HR). Results. The optimal cut-off for HPR was 0.362 (AUC 0.6228, 95% CI: 0.56-0.69, sensitivity 61.27%, specificity 60.34%). Of the subjects, 48.44% had $\text{HPR}\le 0.362$ , and they had a higher three-year mortality rate than those with $\text{HPR}>0.362$ (50% vs. 31.54%). In bivariate analysis, $\text{HPR}\le 0.362$ and $\text{age}\ge 60$ significantly showed a worse three-year OS ( $p$ value = 0.003 and 0.075, respectively). In multivariate analysis, we concluded that a pretreatment $\text{HPR}\le 0.362$ was an independent negative predictor of three-year OS in locally advanced NPC patients (adjusted HR 1.82; 95% CI: 1.25–2.65). Conclusion. Pretreatment $\text{HPR}\le 0.362$ was a negative predictor of three-year OS in locally advanced nasopharyngeal cancer patients.