Analysis of Bone Loss around Cemented and Biologic Prostheses after Hemiarthroplasty

Abstract

Objective. To perform hemiarthroplasty (HA) on elderly patients with femoral neck fractures using cemented and biologic prostheses and then compare the bone loss around the two types of prostheses after surgery. Methods. A total of 60 patients aged over 75 years (with a mean age of 83.5 years) and suffering from femoral neck fracture (Garden types III and IV) from January 2018 to December 2020 were selected; they were randomly divided into group A ( $n=30$ , cemented prostheses) and group B ( $n=30$ , biologic prostheses) and received HA. At 1 month, 6 months, and 12 months after surgery, Harris Hip Scale (HHS) was adopted for patient evaluation, and patients’ bone mineral density (BMD) of the 7 Gruen zones around the prostheses was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA scan). Results. Both groups achieved satisfactory results postoperatively, and the Harris scores of the hips increased gradually over time, which were better in group A than in group B. Gruen zones in group A showed a slower trend of decreasing BMD than group B, and the differences were significant at zones 2, 3, and 4 ( $P<0.05$ ). Conclusion. For elderly patients with femoral neck fractures, selecting cemented prosthesis for HA better recovers the hip function and has a low rate of bone loss around the prosthesis.