Age of 40 Years or Younger Is an Independent Risk Factor for Locoregional Failure in Early Breast Cancer: A Single-Institutional Analysis in Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Background. This study was undertaken to evaluate the impact of prognostic factors on the locoregional failure-free survival of early breast cancer patients.Methods. In this single-institutional study, 213 breast cancer patients were retrospectively analysed. Fifty-five of 213 patients were ≤40 years of age at diagnosis. The impact of patient- or treatment-related factors on the locoregional failure-free survival was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method. The simultaneous impact of factors on the locoregional failure-free survival was assessed using the Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.Results. The median follow-up time of the censored patients was 22 months (mean 28 months, range 3–92 months). On univariate analysis, statistically significant factors for the locoregional failure-free survival were the age (≤40 versus >40 years), T stage (Tis, T0–2 versus T3-4), molecular tumor type (luminal A versus luminal B, Her2neu overexpression, or triple negative), and lymphovascular status (LV0 versus LV1). On multivariate analysis, age and T stage remained statistically significant.Conclusions. Being 40 years or younger has a statistically significant independent adverse impact on the locoregional failure-free survival of patients with early breast cancer.