Challenges of Controlling Foot-and-Mouth Disease in Pastoral Settings in Africa

Author:

Mashinagu Mkama M.123ORCID,Wambura Philemon N.1,King Donald P.4,Paton David J.4,Maree Francois5,Kimera Sharadhuli I.26,Rweyemamu Mark M.12,Kasanga Christopher J.12

Affiliation:

1. Department of Microbiology, Parasitology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3019, Morogoro, Tanzania

2. SACIDS Foundation for One Health, Africa Centre of Excellence, P.O. Box 3297, Morogoro, Tanzania

3. Tanzania Veterinary Laboratory Agency, Centre for Infectious Diseases and Biotechnology, P.O. Box 9254, Dar es salaam, Tanzania

4. FAO World Reference Laboratory for FMD, The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking GU24 ONF, UK

5. Clinomics, Uitzich Road, Bainsvlei, Bloemfontein 9301, Free State, South Africa

6. Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3021, Morogoro, Tanzania

Abstract

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly devastating viral disease affecting all cloven-hoofed animals. The disease threatens food security and livelihoods across different parts of the world. FMD is endemic in Africa; where the continuous circulation of the disease impacts the livelihoods of pastoral communities by reducing the quality and quantity of livestock products such as milk and meat, as well as undermining the access of the livestock sector to regional and lucrative global markets. Strategies used to control FMD in Africa, especially tropical Africa, are typically fragmented national-level focused activities with relatively poor outcomes, rather than regionally coordinated initiatives that have been used on other continents (South America, Europe) to successfully reduce and even eliminate virus circulation. Biotechnological advances have improved our ability to detect and characterize FMD virus strains, but more effective approaches to disease control are needed to encourage disease reporting and outbreak investigation. This review of the challenges to FMD control amongst Africa’s diverse pastoral communities is intended to provide information and provoke discussion to improve the strategies and approaches for regional FMD control in Africa.

Funder

World Bank Group

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

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