Heat Transfer in a Fractional Nanofluid Flow through a Permeable Medium

Abstract

This study examines viscoelastic fractional nanofluid flow through Darcy medium. Memory characteristics due to elasticity are explored with noninteger time derivatives. The unsteady motion of MHD flow is modeled by nonlinear differential equations. Buoyancy forces are incorporated via convection parameters in the flow domain. Fractional relaxation time is considered to control the propagation speed of temperature. A finite difference, along with finite element, a numerical algorithm has been developed for the computation of governing flow equations. Friction coefficient, Sherwood numbers, and Nusselt numbers are computed for the noninteger derivative model. Simulations revealed that noninteger numbers have congruous behavior for concentration, temperature, and velocity fields. It is also noted that heat flux, ${\delta }_1$ , and mass flux, ${\delta }_2$ , numbers have contradictory effects on the friction coefficient. Various flows, particularly in polymer industries and electrospinning for the production of nanofibers, can be tackled in a comparable pattern.