Antibodies against Food Antigens in Patients with Autistic Spectrum Disorders

Author:

de Magistris Laura1,Picardi Annarita2,Siniscalco Dario3,Riccio Maria Pia4ORCID,Sapone Anna1,Cariello Rita1,Abbadessa Salvatore5,Medici Nicola5,Lammers Karen M.6,Schiraldi Chiara7,Iardino Patrizia8,Marotta Rosa9,Tolone Carlo10,Fasano Alessio6,Pascotto Antonio4,Bravaccio Carmela11

Affiliation:

1. CIRANAD, Second University of Naples, via Pansini 5, Building 3, 80131 Naples, Italy

2. “Alimenti e Salute” PhD School, CIRANAD, Second University of Naples, via Pansini 5, Building 3, 80131 Naples, Italy

3. Department of Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples and Centre for Autism, La Forza del Silenzio, via S. Maria di Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy

4. Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Second University of Naples, Largo Madonna delle Grazie 1, 80138 Naples, Italy

5. Department of General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Larghetto S. Aniello a Caponapoli 2, 80138 Naples, Italy

6. Center for Celiac Research and Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital East, Charlestown, MA 02129-4404, USA

7. Department of Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, via S. Maria di Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy

8. UOC Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Second University of Naples, via S. Maria di Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy

9. Department of Psychiatry, University of Catanzaro “Magna Graecia”, via T. Campanella, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy

10. Department of Woman, Children and of General and Specialistic Surgery, Second University of Naples, via L. De Crecchio 4, 80138 Naples, Italy

11. Department of Medical Translational Science, University of Naples “ Federico II ”, via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy

Abstract

Purpose. Immune system of some autistic patients could be abnormally triggered by gluten/casein assumption. The prevalence of antibodies to gliadin and milk proteins in autistic children with paired/impaired intestinal permeability and under dietary regimen either regular or restricted is reported.Methods. 162 ASDs and 44 healthy children were investigated for intestinal permeability, tissue-transglutaminase (tTG), anti-endomysium antibodies (EMA)-IgA, and total mucosal IgA to exclude celiac disease; HLA-DQ2/-DQ8 haplotypes; total systemic antibodies (IgA, IgG, and IgE); specific systemic antibodies:α-gliadin (AGA-IgA and IgG), deamidated–gliadin-peptide (DGP-IgA and IgG), total specific gliadin IgG (all fractions:α,β,γ, andω),β-lactoglobulin IgG,α-lactalbumin IgG, casein IgG; and milk IgE, casein IgE, gluten IgE, -lactoglobulin IgE, andα-lactalbumin IgE.Results. AGA-IgG and DPG-IgG titers resulted to be higher in ASDs compared to controls and are only partially influenced by diet regimen. Casein IgG titers resulted to be more frequently and significantly higher in ASDs than in controls. Intestinal permeability was increased in 25.6% of ASDs compared to 2.3% of healthy children. Systemic antibodies production was not influenced by paired/impaired intestinal permeability.Conclusions. Immune system of a subgroup of ASDs is triggered by gluten and casein; this could be related either to AGA, DPG, and Casein IgG elevated production or to impaired intestinal barrier function.

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

General Immunology and Microbiology,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Medicine

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