A Review on the Joining of Dissimilar Materials with Special Context to Laser Welding

Abstract

In recent times, there has been an increasing demand for dissimilar metal fabrication, as this weldment utilizes the specific benefits of different metals for a particular application. In this paper, the recent trends evolving in the field of dissimilar material joining, which introduces residual stresses, distortions and formation of brittle intermetallics within the structure is discussed. As these are highly undesirable, therefore various techniques were studied by the researchers, which reduce the distortions and formation of brittle intermetallics. The use of numerical techniques in this field was also studied as they provided the researchers with an insight into the process. Mostly, the joining of dissimilar material is done using friction stir welding and laser welding, but the use of friction stir welding has constraints in terms of material temperature thus, the joining of dissimilar weldment is discussed by giving a special context to laser welding technology.