Analysis of Discrete Wavelet Transforms Variants for the Fusion of CT and MRI Images

Abstract

Background: Medical image fusion methods are applied to a wide assortment of medical fields, for example, computer-assisted diagnosis, telemedicine, radiation treatment, preoperative planning, and so forth. Computed Tomography (CT) is utilized to scan the bone structure, while Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is utilized to examine the soft tissues of the cerebrum. The fusion of the images obtained from the two modalities helps radiologists diagnose the abnormalities in the brain and localize the position of the abnormality concerning the bone. Methods: Multimodal medical image fusion procedure contributes to the decrease of information vulnerability and improves the clinical diagnosis exactness. The motive is to protect salient features from multiple source images to produce an upgraded fused image. The CT-MRI image fusion study made it conceivable to analyze the two modalities straightforwardly. Several states of the art techniques are available for the fusion of CT & MRI images. The discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is one of the widely used transformation techniques for the fusion of images. However, the efficacy of utilization of the variants of wavelet filters for the decomposition of the images, which may improve the image fusion quality, has not been studied in detail. Therefore the objective of this study is to assess the utility of wavelet families for the fusion of CT and MRI images. In this paper investigation on the efficacy of 8 wavelet families (120 family members) on the visual quality of the fused CT & MRI image has been performed. Further, to strengthen the quality of the fused image, two quantitative performance evaluation parameters, namely classical and gradient information, have been calculated. Results: Experimental results demonstrate that amongst the 120 wavelet family members (8 wavelet families), db1, rbio1.1, and Haar wavelets have outperformed other wavelet family members in both qualitative and quantitative analysis. Conclusion: Quantitative and qualitative analysis shows that the fused image may help radiologists diagnose the abnormalities in the brain and localize the position of the abnormality concerning the bone more easily. For further improvement in the fused results, methods based on deep learning may be tested in the future.