Extraction Procedures and Analytical Methods for the Determination of Methylene Blue, Rhodamine B and Crystal Violet - An Overview

Abstract

Background: Dyes have been a blessing to the mankind owing to its numerous applications in several industries ranging from the textile, food, pharmaceuticals, paper, leather and many more. Al the same time these dye poses a problem for mankind if they exceed their limit. This review is all about the determination and extraction of dyes in different matrices. Introduction: Methylene blue, rhodamine B and crystal violet are the three dyes discussed in this review article. All the three discussed dyes are cationic in nature and poses a threat to the human health if not detected and proper remediation step be taken if exceeding the limit. Methods: The review article mentioned different analytical methods and different extraction techniques involved in the determination of dyes. Results: Almost all the analytical methods reported involve proper extraction of the analyte which too finds a place in this review article. Spectrophotometric and electrochemical methods are cost effective method although the former is less sensitive than the later. LC method and LC MS method are capable of simultaneously determining a number of dyes Conclusion: This review article also offers a compilation of different mobile phase combinations that has been used for the quantitative analysis of these three dyes. The article also contains listing of different solvents for the liquid-liquid extraction and different types of the sorbent materials used during solid phase extraction of the reviewed dyes.