Affiliation:
1. Departement de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculte de Medecine Veterinaire Universite de Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
Abstract
Background:
Leishmania are sandfly-transmitted protozoan parasites that harbour within the macrophages
of a mammalian host and cause leishmaniasis, a serious zoonotic disease that threatens the lives of millions
worldwide. Its numerous forms (cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and visceral) are currently treated with a sparse
arsenal of drugs, specifically antimonials, amphotericin B, miltefosine, and paromomycin, for which drug resistance
and clinical failure are rampant. Medicine is presently trending towards nanotechnology to aid in the successful
delivery of drugs. Vehicles such as lipid-based nanocarriers, polymer-based nanoparticles, and metal ions
and oxides have been previously demonstrated to improve bioavailability of drugs and decrease toxicity for the
patient. These cutting-edge solutions can be combined with existing active molecules, as well as novel drugs or
plant extracts with promising antileishmanial activity.
Conclusion:
This review explores the current evidence for the treatment of leishmaniases using nanoscale drug
delivery systems (specifically lipid-, polymer- and metal-based systems) and encourages further development of
the aforementioned nanotechnologies for treatment of Leishmania.
Funder
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grant
Publisher
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Subject
Drug Discovery,Pharmacology
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