Pan-cancer Multi-omics Analysis Reveals HMGN1 as a Potential Prognostic and Immune Infiltration-associated Biomarker

Abstract

aims: To investigate the expression of HMGN1 in different types of cancer and its potential role in cancer diagnosis and prognosis. background: The High Mobility Group N (HMGN) family of genes includes the High Mobility Group Nucleosomal Binding Domain 1 Gene (HMGN1), which is crucial for epigenetic regulation. However, the specific function of HMGN1 in cancer development is not known. objective: The High Mobility Group N (HMGN) family of genes includes the High Mobility Group Nucleosomal Binding Domain 1 Gene (HMGN1), which is crucial for epigenetic regulation. However, the specific function of HMGN1 in cancer development is not known. method: Raw data on HMGN1 expression were procured from Genotype-Tissue [removed]GTEx), the University of Alabama- Birmingham CANcer data analysis Portal (UALCAN), and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Thereafter, the pan-cancer analysis was implemented to understand the HMGN1 expression patterns, prognostic value, and immunological features. Furthermore, the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was executed with the help of the R language. In addition, the relationship between HMGN1 and the sensitivity of antitumor drugs was also determined. Finally, real-time PCR (RT-PCR) experiments were conducted to validate the differential expression of HMGN1. result: The findings of the pan-cancer analysis revealed that HMGN1 was upregulated in several solid tumors and was strongly associated with pathological staging and poor prognosis in several cancers. In addition, HMGN1 was found to be involved in regulating the TIME. The findings of the GSEA enrichment analysis indicated that HMGN1 assisted in the regulation of oncogenic processes, especially metabolic and immune pathways. Furthermore, HMGN1 expression was linked to microsatellite instability (MSI) and tumor mutational burden (TMB) in a variety of tumors. RT-PCR assays indicated that HMGN1 was significantly overexpressed in the gastric and breast cancer cell lines and tissues. conclusion: This study highlighted the potential of the epigenetic regulator, HMGN1, as an oncogene and a biomarker for pan-cancer analysis. other: None