Affiliation:
1. Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, Uttar Pradesh, India
2. Department of
Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
Abstract
Abstract:
Globally, liver diseases are a significant public health concern, necessitating the development
of new chemicals that can aid in their treatment or prevention. As a result, scientists have been looking for
natural and artificial compounds with hepatoprotective effects. The key objective of this manuscript is to
provide details on several techniques and models for determining liver toxicity. The data has been collected
for the manuscript from various e-sources such as Publons, Pubmed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Web
of Science. The development of novel pharmaceuticals involve several steps, beginning with identifying
the pharmacological effects in cellular and animal models and concluding with demonstrating their safety
and efficacy in humans. The scientific literature mentions several in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo experimental
paradigms for evaluating hepatoprotective drugs. This review's main objective is to outline the key
traits, advantages, and disadvantages of each model, as well as the most commonly used hepatotoxic substances
(acetaminophen, t-BuOOH, d-galactosamine, ethanol, thioacetamide), biochemical parameters
helpful in assessing liver damage in various models, and the most frequently used hepatotoxic substances
overall.
Publisher
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Subject
Organic Chemistry,Biochemistry