Lantana Undulata Schrank – A New Source of Biological Potential in Verbenaceae Family

Abstract

Background : The presence of condensed tannins, flavonones, flavonols, flavones, xantones, catechins and alkaloids in the ethanolic extract of Lantana undulata leaves has been associated to cytotoxicity and virucidal effect on suid herpesvirus. Objective: Evaluate cellular toxicity, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities, and anti-phlogistic property of the ethanolic extract leaves Lantana undulata, a plant from Verbenaceae family. Method: Cytotoxicity was evaluated on Madin Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells and erythrocytes and through leukocyte DNA damage. Antibacterial and antifungal activities were performed using agar diffusion technique and broth microdilution. The inhibition percentage and viral inhibition index were stablished against bovine herpesvirus. The antioxidant effect (EC50) was determined by the DPPH technique and the mouse ear edema model was used to determine the anti-phlogistic activity. Results: The maximum nontoxic concentration for MDBK cells was 650 µg/ml. The ethanolic extract of L. undulata was considered non-hemolytic from 2 to 16 μg/ml and not genotoxic at concentration tested (<8 μg/ml). High concentrations (≥500 µg/ml) were needed to inhibit bacteria and yeasts, and the action of the extract was bacteriostatic or fungistatic. The IIV was of 0.37 and the IP was of 57.34% against bovine herpesvirus. The antioxidant EC50 was 540.87 μg/ml and the reduction of oedema occurred at 10, 30 and 100 mg/kg in the mouse model used. Conclusion: Although the leaves ethanolic extract of L. undulata showed to be potentially toxic and to have a reduced spectrum of action on microorganisms, the outstanding antiphlogistic action puts the therapeutic potential of this plant into perspective.