Affiliation:
1. School of Pharmaceutical Science of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
2. School of Pharmaceutical Science of Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Abstract
Gliomas are primary brain tumors originating from glial cells, representing 30% of all
Central Nervous System (CNS) neoplasia. Among them, the astrocytoma grade IV (glioblastoma
multiforme) is the most common, presenting an invasive and aggressive profile, with an estimated
life expectancy of about 15 months after diagnosis even after treatment with radiation, surgical resection,
and chemotherapy. This poor prognosis is related to the presence of the blood-brain barrier
(BBB) and multidrug resistance mechanisms that prevent the uptake and retention of chemotherapeutics
inside the brain. Gene therapy has been a promising strategy to overcome these treatment
limitations since it has the ability to modify the defective genetic information in tumor cells, being
able to induce cellular apoptosis and silence the genes responsible for multidrug resistance. Lipidbased
nanoparticles, non-viral vectors, have been investigated to deliver genes across the BBB to
reach the glioma cell target. Besides, their low immunogenicity, easy production, ability to incorporate
ligands to specific target cells, and capacity to carry higher size genes have made the gene therapy
based on non-viral vectors a promising glioma treatment. In this context, this review addresses
the most common non-viral vectors based on lipid-based nanoparticles used for glioma gene therapy,
such as liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, and nanoemulsions.
Funder
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brasil
Publisher
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Subject
Genetics (clinical),Drug Discovery,Genetics,Molecular Biology,Molecular Medicine
Cited by
14 articles.
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