Affiliation:
1. Área de Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
Abstract
:
Flavonoids are phenolic compounds widely distributed in the human diet. Their
intake has been associated with a decreased risk of different diseases such as cancer, immune
dysfunction or coronary heart disease. However, the knowledge about the mechanisms behind
their in vivo activity is limited and still under discussion. For years, their bioactivity was associated
with the direct antioxidant and radical scavenging properties of phenolic compounds,
but nowadays this assumption is unlikely to explain their putative health effects, or at least to
be the only explanation for them. New hypotheses about possible mechanisms have been postulated,
including the influence of the interaction of polyphenols and gut microbiota and also
the possibility that flavonoids or their metabolites could modify gene expression or act as potential
modulators of intracellular signaling cascades. This paper reviews all these topics,
from the classical view as antioxidants in the context of the Oxidative Stress theory to the
most recent tendencies related with the modulation of redox signaling pathways, modification
of gene expression or interactions with the intestinal microbiota. The use of C. elegans as a
model organism for the study of the molecular mechanisms involved in biological activity of
flavonoids is also discussed.
Funder
Junta de Castilla y Leon
European Regional Development Fund
Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad
Publisher
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Subject
Pharmacology,Molecular Medicine,Drug Discovery,Biochemistry,Organic Chemistry
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