Affiliation:
1. Department of Physiology (Neuroimmunophysiology and Chrononutrition Research Group), Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
Abstract
All living organisms exhibit circadian rhythms, which govern the majority of biological
functions, including metabolic processes. Misalignment of these circadian rhythms
increases the risk of developing metabolic diseases. Thus, disruption of the circadian system
has been proven to affect the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In this context, the
pineal indoleamine melatonin is a signaling molecule able to entrain circadian rhythms. There
is mounting evidence that suggests a link between disturbances in melatonin production and
impaired insulin, glucose, lipid metabolism, and antioxidant capacity. Besides, several genetic
association studies have causally associated various single nucleotide polymorphysms (SNPs)
of the human MT2 receptor with increased risk of developing T2DM. Taken together, these
data suggest that endogenous as well as exogenous melatonin may influence diabetes and associated
metabolic disturbances not only by regulating insulin secretion but also by providing
protection against reactive oxygen species (ROS) since pancreatic β-cells are very susceptible
to oxidative stress due to their low antioxidant capacity.
Funder
European Regional Development Fund
Publisher
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Subject
Pharmacology,Molecular Medicine,Drug Discovery,Biochemistry,Organic Chemistry
Cited by
22 articles.
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