Affiliation:
1. Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers & Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003-Caceres, Spain
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease widely spread across industrialized
countries. Sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy alimentary habits lead to obesity, boosting both
glucose and fatty acid in the bloodstream and eventually, insulin resistance, pancreas inflammation
and faulty insulin production or secretion, all of them very well-defined hallmarks of
type 2 diabetes mellitus. miRNAs are small sequences of non-coding RNA that may regulate
several processes within the cells, fine-tuning protein expression, with an unexpected and subtle
precision and in time-frames ranging from minutes to days. Since the discovery of miRNA
and their possible implication in pathologies, several groups aimed to find a relationship between
type 2 diabetes mellitus and miRNAs. Here we discuss the pattern of expression of different
miRNAs in cultured cells, animal models and diabetic patients. We summarize the role
of the most important miRNAs involved in pancreas growth and development, insulin secretion
and liver, skeletal muscle or adipocyte insulin resistance in the context of type 2 diabetes
mellitus.
Funder
Junta de Extremadura-FEDER
MINECO
Publisher
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Subject
Pharmacology,Molecular Medicine,Drug Discovery,Biochemistry,Organic Chemistry
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