Prevalence and Associated Factors of Toenail Onychomycosis Among Patients with Diabetes in Jordan

Author:

Alrauosh Hesham12,Ababneh Anas3ORCID,Bakri Faris G.2456ORCID,Abujbara Mousa2,Kanaan Hashem7,Younes Nidal A.26ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Prince Hamzah Hospital, Amman, Jordan

2. The National Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Genetics, Amman, Jordan

3. Faculty of Nursing, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan

4. Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan

5. Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Center, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan

6. Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan

7. Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan

Abstract

Background: Toenail onychomycosis is common in patients with diabetes and it can increase the risk of secondary infections and foot complications. Despite several studies investigating the prevalence and associated factors of toenail onychomycosis from different parts of the world, there are no data from Jordan. Objective: To determine the prevalence and the associated factors of toenail onychomycosis among patients with diabetes in Jordan. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 375 patients with diabetes at the National Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Genetics in Amman, Jordan. Several socio-demographic and health-independent variables including foot self-care practices were collected. Toenail onychomycosis was assessed by a specimen culture and microscopic examinations. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. Results: The prevalence of toenail onychomycosis was 57.6% (n=216). Multiple logistic regression revealed four significant associated factors; the presence of neuropathy (β=1.87, p=0.02), being an ex-smoker (β=2.69, p=0.01), being treated by both insulin and oral hypoglycemics drugs (β=1.32, p=0.03), and using antibiotics in the last year (β=1.78, p=0.02). Conclusion: The prevalence of toenail onychomycosis among patients with diabetes in Jordan is high. Regular foot screening and podiatric care are recommended especially among patients with diabetic neuropathy, current treatment by insulin and oral hypoglycemics drugs, previous history of smoking, and previous use of antibiotics.

Publisher

Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.

Subject

Endocrinology,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

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1. Prevalence and associated factors of tenia pedis among patients with diabetes in Jordan;International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries;2023-11-27

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