The Effectiveness, Changes in Body Weight, and Menstrual Cycle Between 2 Rods and 1 Rod Contraceptive Implants after 12 Months of Insertion

Author:

Santoso Budi1ORCID,Susanto Lunardhi2ORCID,Tunjungseto Arif3ORCID,Widjayanti Yhenti4ORCID,Fernandus Euvanggelia Dwilda5ORCID,Devianti Putri Berliana6ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Airlangga Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia

2. Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Hang Tuah University, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia

3. 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Airlangga Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia

4. Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sports Science, State University of Malang, East Java, Indonesia

5. Midwifery Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia

6. Department of Health, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Airlangga University, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia

Abstract

Background: Implant as long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) is ideal for Indonesian women. Two-rod implant (2x75mg levonorgestrel) is the most common implant used in Indonesia. Another alternative method is a one-rod implant (1x150mg levonorgestrel). Objective: This study evaluated the effectiveness, changes in body weight (BW), and menstrual cycle between the one-rod and two-rod implant acceptors. Methods: This study was an RCT design with phase II clinical trials; 179 subjects were recruited. Subjects were met with inclusion and exclusion criteria and divided into one-rod and two-rod groups. The variables were evaluated within 12 months. Results: This study involved 70 subjects in the one-rod implant group and 66 subjects in the two-rod implant group. At 12 months, there were no differences between the effectiveness of the two types of contraception, and pregnancy was reported in 1.26% vs 1.31%. The concentration of levonorgestrel in the one-rod group was 0.31 ng/dL as the median (IQR: 0.33 ng/dL) and 0.34 ng/dL as the median (IQR: 0.33 ng/dL) in the two-rod group (p = 0.438). The BW in the two-rod group increased significantly in month six (p = 0.035) and twelve (p = 0.017) but not in the one-rod group. Menstrual cycle changes occurred in 51.4% of subjects and 57.6% of subjects in the one- and two-rod groups (p = 0.584), respectively. Conclusion: At 12 months, one-rod and two-rod implants had similar effectiveness and concentration of levonorgestrel. Significant weight gain happened in the two-rod group, and the weight gain increased in months six and twelve. Menstrual cycle changes have occurred in both.

Publisher

Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.

Subject

Obstetrics and Gynecology

Reference15 articles.

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3. Family Planning, A global Handbook for Providers. Updated 3r. World Health Organization and Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health/Center for Communication Programs World Health Organization (WHO)2018

4. Maria S.; Manan H.; Abadi A.; Theodorus. Efek Implan Levonorgestrel Satu Batang dan Dua Batang terhadap Profi l Lipid, Kadar Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), dan Estradiol pada Akseptor. Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2020,8(2),92-101

5. Colquitt C.W.; Martin T.S.; Contraceptive methods. J Pharm Pract 2017,30(1),130-135

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