A Comprehensive Review on the Importance of Approaches for the Identification of Potential Biological Targets in Cancer Therapy

Abstract

Abstract: Cancer is the uninhibited proliferation of aberrant body cells. Cancer treatments and disorders might have adverse implications. Side effects occur when medication affects healthy organs or tissues. Identifying potential biological targets in cancer treatment is a tough and diverse process that requires consideration of the underlying molecular mechanisms that drive cancer growth and development. Drug identification methods are mostly based on in vitro drug screening and in vivo animal studies. The biologically-based therapy technique has also been successfully utilized to identify anti-cancer medications, as evidenced by studies and investigations based on a biological target-protein interaction, drug-target relationship, and disease-gene network. To identify biological targets, the researchers have looked for specific genetic alterations that aid in tumor development and growth. This review focuses on the biological targets' role in cancer disease and the usefulness of in silico studies to understand the target protein-drug interaction and predict therapeutic drug molecules for cancer treatment.