Protective Impact of Vanillic Acid on Lipid Profile and Lipid Metabolic Enzymes in Diabetic Hypertensive Rat Model Generated by a High-Fat Diet

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes is the most common component of metabolic syndrome, including abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipoproteinemia. Objective: This study aims to determine whether vanillic acid has antihyperlipidemic properties in diabetic hypertensive rats. Methods: For this study healthy male albino Wister rats (180-220 gm) were selected. A 20-week highfat diet (HFD) was given to produce diabetic hypertension in Wister rats. Control and diabetic hypertensive rats were treated with vanillic acid. Vanillic acid effects on lipid profiles (cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, free fatty acids, high-density lipoproteins (HDL)) and lipid metabolizing enzymes LPL, LCAT, and HMG CoA reductase studied by a conventional method. To understand the effect of vanillic acid control, experimental rat lipid and metabolic enzymes were studied and treated and controlled animal liver tissues were observed using the different histology staining agents. Results: Vanillic acid caused considerable lipid profile reductions except for HDL and increased plasma HDL levels. After eight weeks of vanillic acid administration also boosts lipid marker enzyme activity (HMG CoA reductase, LPL, and LCAT). In addition, vanillic acid reduces the accumulation of collagen in liver tissues. Conclusion: These research studies suggest that vanillic acid has antihyperlipidemic effects in diabetic hypertensive rats fed an HFD.