HIV-specific T-cell Responses and Generalized Activation in HIV-1 Infected Long-term Non-progressors and Progressors from South India
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Published:2019-01-14
Issue:4
Volume:16
Page:302-314
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ISSN:1570-162X
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Container-title:Current HIV Research
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language:en
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Short-container-title:CHR
Author:
Swathirajan Chinnambedu Ravichandran1, Vignesh Ramachandran1, Waldrop Greer2, Shanmugasundaram Uma3, Nandagopal Pannerselvam1, Solomon Sunil Suhas1, Pradeep Amrose1, Saravanan Shanmugam1, Murugavel Kailapuri Gangatharan1
Affiliation:
1. Y. R. Gaitonde Centre for AIDS Research and Education, VHS Hospital Campus, Taramani, Chennai, India 2. University of Maryland School of Medicine, College Park, MD 20742, United States 3. Emory University, 201 Dowman Dr, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
Abstract
Background:Anti-viral cytokine expressions by cytotoxic T-cells and lower activation rates have been reported to correlate with suppressed HIV replication in long-term non-progressors (LTNP). Immune mechanisms underlying disease non-progression in LTNP might vary with HIV-1 subtype and geographical locations.Objective:This study evaluates cytokine expression and T-cells activation in relation to disease non-progression in LTNP.Methods:HIV-1 Subtype C infected LTNP (n=20) and progressors (n=15) were enrolled and flowcytometry assays were performed to study HIV-specific CD8 T-cells expressing IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF-α and MIP-1β against gag and env peptides. CD4+ T-cell activation was evaluated by surface expression of HLADR and CD38.Results:Proportions of cytokines studied did not differ significantly between LTNP and progressors, while contrasting correlations with disease progression markers were observed in LTNP. CD4+ T-cell activation rates were significantly lower in LTNP compared to progressors which indicate the potential role of T-cell activation rates in disease non-progression in LTNP.Conclusion:LTNP and progressors showed similar CD8+ T-cell responses, but final conclusions can be drawn only by comparing multiple immune factors in larger LTNP cohort with HIV-1 infected individuals at various levels of disease progression. A possible role of HIV-1 subtype variation and ethnic differences in addition to host-genetic and viral factors cannot be ruled out.
Publisher
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Subject
Virology,Infectious Diseases
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