The Influence of TNF-α, IL-6, TGF-β1, IFN-γ, IL-10 Polymorphisms on Predisposition to Diabetes Mellitus among Jordanian Patients

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a long-term disorder with high prevalence globally. It can be classified into two types: Type 1 diabetes and Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is considered a multifactorial disorder in which genetic factors such as cytokines play a major role. Cytokines play a role is immune modulation and are associated with the development of diabetes mellitus. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in cytokines were studied extensively in different populations to determine their association with predisposition to diabetes mellitus. Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate the frequency of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the cytokine genes TNF-α, TGF-β, IL-6, IL-10, and INF-γ in 102 Jordanian diabetes mellitus patients in comparison to 50 controls and their association to diabetes mellitus susceptibility. Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate the frequency of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the cytokine genes TNF-α, TGF-β, IL-6, IL-10, and INF-γ in 102 Jordanian diabetes mellitus patients in comparison to 50 controls and their association to diabetes mellitus susceptibility. Methods: Analysis was performed using the highly specific polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primers methodology Results: Our findings showed that the IL-10-1082 G/G genotype (P=0.02) and the TGF-β1 codon 25*G allele (P<0.01) may be considered risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus. In addition, the IFN- γ -874*A allele (P=0.04) seems to increase the predisposition to type 1 diabetes. Conclusion: Our study showed that the IL-10-1082 G/G genotype and TGF-β1 codon 25*G allele are associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus while the IFN- γ -874*A allele is associated with type 1 diabetes. Our findings may help in the early detection of diabetes mellitus which would in turn help in undergoing the needed preventative measures to delay the onset of diabetes mellitus