Biaxial ratcheting deformation of type 304 stainless steel: Effect of memorization of back stress

Abstract

This paper treats both experiments and simulations of biaxial ratcheting. The experiments are conducted using a tubular specimen of type 304 stainless steel at room temperature. The specimen was subjected to cyclic shear straining under the axial superposed stress. The experiments show that the biaxial ratcheting strain was affected by the cyclic shear strain amplitude, the shear strain rate and the superposed stress level. Larger biaxial ratcheting strain occurred in the case of tensile superposed stress compared with that in the case of the compressive superposed stress. Moreover, even under the zero superposed stress, biaxial ratcheting strain occurred in the axial direction due to the cyclic shearing straining. Finally, the biaxial ratcheting behaviours were simulated by the unified constitutive model proposed by the authors. The characteristic features of the biaxial ratcheting behaviour, especially the axial strain due to the cyclic shear straining superposed on the zero axial stress, are well simulated by the constitutive model.