Management of atrophic jaws with all-on 4 concept - A review article

Abstract

A typical condition in older patients is the event of edentulous, which can be the after effect of many factors like poor oral hygiene, dental caries, and periodontal problems. It has negative social and psychological effects on individuals that include adverse impacts on facial and oral esthetics, masticatory function, and speech abilities, that when combined, are translated into significant reductions in patients’ quality of lives. conventional removable complete dentures, implant-supported removable, & fixed prosthesis are all the alternatives prosthetics options for restoring the edentulous jaws. The all-on-four concept is offered as an alternative to conventional implant applications in which four implants are placed in the inter foraminal region in the mandible and in the pre-maxillary region in total edentulism cases. The two anterior implants follow the jaw anatomy and the two distal implants are tilted at 45° angulation posteriorly. This arrangement allows for good implant anchorage, short cantilever length, and large inter implant distance thus favoring fruitful outcome of the treatment. The goal of this review is to determine the underlying principles of this concept and to illustrate the method's benefits and drawbacks.