Spectrum of lesions of head and neck in a medical college of North India

Abstract

Head and neck lesions especially oral cancers and pre-cancerous lesions have a high prevalence in India, especially in states like Uttar Pradesh pertaining to use of Pan masala, smokeless tobacco and zarda in the population. The lesions are common in patients of all age groups.This histopathology based study was conducted for the assessment of neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions of head and neck in the region around North Indian city of Lucknow.This is a retrospective study conducted in the Department of Pathology, T S Misra Medical college and Hospital, Amausi, Lucknow. The head and neck cases for time period of two years and eight months were retrieved from the histopathologic section of department. Thorough analysis of these specimens was done and data was compiled based on histomorphological diagnosis and other parameters like site of lesion, sex and age group.Study was done for 189 biopsies from head and neck region. Peak incidence of case was seen in 21-50 years age group, in the overall age range 3 to 86 years of our study. Male outnumbered female by ratio of 1.77:1. 63 cases of the study were inflammatory, 40 cystic, 46 benign, 14 dysplastic and rest 26 cases were malignant. Commonest malignant lesion was Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity.It was noteworthy that precancerous and malignant lesions of oral cavity constitute a high percentage of head and neck lesions for the present cohort of referral patients.