Damage to the blood system after COVID-19 in family medicine practice

Abstract

Coronavirus infection is an acute viral disease with airborne transmission [1]. One of the first descriptions was in 1975 in a patient suffering from acute rhinitis. The causative agents of the disease are a family of RNA-containing coronaviruses. Within the family, there are several groups of infectious agents that are dangerous to the human body: human coronavirus 229E, human coronavirus OS-43, and human intestinal coronaviruses. The pathogen is quite unstable in the environment, and its effects can be eliminated using disinfectants and exposure to high temperatures [2]. HIV infected patients, children, and patients with severe chronic diseases (diabetes mellitus, oncological processes) are mainly considered to be at risk for the incidence of atypical coronavirus pneumonia. After entering the upper respiratory tract, the coronavirus actively multiplies and epithelial cells are destroyed. If the immune system is poorly developed, the coronavirus can penetrate the alveoli, and the process of pathogen replication occurs in their cytoplasm. By exocytosis, the finished virions lie on the outer membrane of the cells, which activates the fusion of epithelial cells and accelerated syncytium formation.