Typological Differentiation of Developmental Delay as a Tool of Modern Educational Practice

Abstract

The article discusses and analyzes existing approaches to the typological differentiation of the polymorphic category of children with developmental delay (DD). The dependence of the grounds of each classification (typology) on the priority directions of scientific research at certain stages of the development of defectology and the demands of educational practice revealed. The main areas of application of various classifications and their limitations in solving the urgent problems of education of children with DD has shown. The author's approach to the typology of the DD, which involves determining the optimal educational route of the child and creating favorable educational conditions for him, is considered. The generalized criteria and parameters of differentiation of the category of children with DD by developmental options, different degree of severity, structure of mental disorders and resources of their compensation are presented. For the first time, when assessing the learning ability of a child with DD, a separate consideration of cognitive and motivational components is proposed. This correlates with the established differences in the quality of development of these components under different DD options and contributes to a more reasonable definition of priorities in building a program of psychological and pedagogical work with the child.