Systematization of elements in single and pair figure skating as a component of sport

Abstract

At the current stage of development of figure skating, its technical and compositional components have undergone drastic changes, even compared to the 2000s. If at the beginning of the last century, the basis of the competition program was formed by figures that require only skating skills and require not so much coordination as technical skills, then the modern competition program involves the performance of a wide arsenal of technical and choreographic elements, among which skating skills are only one of the evaluation criteria. Globalization and evolution of figure skating have brought this sport to a completely new level, expanding the number of disciplines and the variability of technical elements. The increase in the number of performing multi-turn jumps and the increase in the variability of rotations is the main vector that determines the direction of sports training and requires increased attention to these elements on the part of coaches and athletes. The diversity of the competitive program encourages athletes, coaches and choreographers to improve the elements of the technique according to various criteria, as well as to detail its components, which is difficult to achieve without their systematization. Technical elements were divided into classes by M. Panin-Kolomenkin, O. Mishin, and O. Tchaikovsky. Systematization of elements greatly facilitates coaching and is indispensable in judging and also provides an elementary understanding of the components of the sport directly for the athlete. However, in modern scientific literature, the issue of systematization of the main technical elements is highlighted in a fragmentary way, which emphasizes the relevance of this work.