Monitoring of iron deficiency in highly skilled martial artists

Abstract

High-level sport is characterized by a significant level of both physical and nervous-emotional load, which puts forward high demands on the body of athletes. That is why athletes can be prone to iron deficiency conditions and anemia, especially women. The presence of iron deficiency can have serious consequences for athletes (increased risk of injury, slowing down the recovery process after physical loads, reduced immunity, and a significant decrease in performance). In turn, the problem is aggravated by the fact that iron deficiency in athletes can often exist without the manifestation of anemia and has a hidden course. This has necessitated detailed studies of athletes to identify conditions related to iron deficiency. The purpose of the study: determine the indicators of "red" blood, ferritin, and iron content in highly qualified athletes who specialize in martial arts to identify iron deficiency states to further establish the possible causes that can lead to their occurrence. The study involved 35 qualified athletes specializing in martial arts, including 20 men and 15 women. The following blood values were determined: ferritin concentration, hemoglobin, iron content, red blood cell count, and hematocrit level. As a result of our study, it was found that 20% of men and 66% of women studied had latent iron deficiency, which requires appropriate recommendations for treatment and prevention. Research results confirm the presence of iron deficiency problems among athletes (especially women). The findings indicate the importance not only of diagnosing iron deficiency anemia in athletes but also of paying attention to identifying latent iron deficiency. This will ensure timely diagnosis, correct therapy, and prevention of iron deficiency in athletes.