Identification of risk factors influencing pregnancy complications development

Abstract

Background. According to the WHO, about 830 women die every day worldwide from preventable causes related to pregnancy and childbirth. In the recent years, Kharkiv region remains one of the problematic regions of adverse pregnancy outcomes according to the integrated assessment of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine. Against the backdrop of an unfavorable demographic situation, the problem of researching various aspects of the pregnancy period is becoming more and more urgent. Most of the complications that occur during pregnancy are considered from the side of general medical approaches, including hormonal disorders, infectious complications, immunological disorders, etc. The aim of the work was to study and assess the influence of risk factors on pregnancy complications. Materials and Methods. For the study, the pregnant women were distributed into two groups: the Main Group (MG) included 299 pregnant women who had complications during pregnancy, and the Control Group (CG) – 199 pregnant women with a normal pregnancy. The median (minimum; maximum) age was in MG was 32 (21; 44) years, in CG – 31 (24; 45) years (p>0.05). The median values of the pregnancy period during the survey were 28 weeks for the MG and 26 weeks for the CG (p>0.05). Results and Conclusions. It was determined that biological, socio-economic and socio-psychological lifestyle factors have the greatest influence. The presence of diseases of the cardiovascular system (including hypertension) and diseases of the genitourinary system in a pregnant woman increased the risk of complications during pregnancy by 31.4 times in MG; and by 23.3 times – in CG. The presence of stress in everyday life and, as a result, the deterioration of the psychological state of the pregnant woman increased the chances of pathology of the course by 42.6 and 40.7 times, respectively. Low financial status of the family increased the risk by 16.5 times. Keywords: pathology of pregnancy, preventable deaths of pregnant women, stress.