Peculiarities of eating behaviour in patients with overweight, obesity and cholelithiasis

Abstract

Obesity and cholelithiasis in Ukraine are the most important health care problems. According to the World Health Organization, as of 2022, 58.4% of Ukrainians over the age of 18 are overweight, and 25.0% suffer from obesity, with 15.0–20.0% of the population having cholelithiasis. All these diseases have common etiological factors of occurrence, such as disorders of healthy eating behaviour (EB), hormonal changes, and disorders of gallbladder motility. The purpose of the research was to find the peculiarities of EB in patients with cholelithiasis on the background of abdominal obesity and establish correlations between these diseases. 180 examined were divided into 3 groups: the 1st group consisted of 60 people with cholelithiasis and overweight, with an average Body Mass Index (BMI) of (26.7±0.31) kg/m2; the 2nd group consisted of 60 people with cholelithiasis and abdominal obesity, with an average BMI of (32.15±1.13) kg/m2. The 3rd (control) group consisted of 60 healthy people with an average BMI of (21.0±1.43) kg/m2. To determine eating disorders, questionnaires were conducted according to the DEBQ (Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire). In patients of the 1st group, the healthy type of EB was recorded 5.8 times (c2=4.26, p=0.04) less often than among the 3rd group, while the restrained type of EB was recorded 5.25 times (c2=5.2, p=0.002) more often than in the 3rd (control) group; the external type recorded 2.95 times (c2=9.2, p=0.023) more often than in the 3rd (control) group. In patients of the 2nd group, the healthy type of EB was recorded 8.18 times (c2=5.56, p=0.021) less often than among the 3rd (control) group, the restrained type of EB was recorded 5.68 times (c2=6.32, p=0.031) more often than in patients of 3rd (control) group; was also the external type recorded 3.24 times (c2=3.01, p=0.001) more often than in the 3rd (control) group. In obese individuals, a strong correlation was established between BMI and restrained type of EB (r=0.71, p=0.02), external type of EB (r=0.70, p=0.003). Keywords: disorder of food behavior, healthy type, external type, restrained type, body mass index.