Author:
ZHENG Ying,CAI Guang-yan,CHEN Xiang-mei,FU Ping,CHEN Jiang-hua,DING Xiao-qiang,YU Xue-qing,LIN Hong-li,LIU Jian,XIE Ru-juan,WANG Li-ning,NI Zhao-hui,LIU Fu-you,YIN Ai-ping,XING Chang-ying,WANG Li,SHI Wei,LIU Jian-she,HE Ya-ni,DING Guo-hua,LI Wen-ge,WU Guang-li,MIAO Li-ning,CHEN Nan,SU Zhen,MEI Chang-lin,ZHAO Jiu-yang,GU Yong,BAI Yun-kai,LUO Hui-min,LIN Shan,CHEN Meng-hua,GONG Li,YANG Yi-bin,YANG Xiao-ping,LI Ying,WAN Jian-xin,WANG Nian-song,LI Hai-ying,XI Chun-sheng,HAO Li,XU Yan,FANG Jing-ai,LIU Bi-cheng,LI Rong-shan,WANG Rong,ZHANG Jing-hong,WANG Jian-qin,LOU Tan-qi,SHAO Feng-min,MEI Feng,LIU Zhi-hong,YUAN Wei-jie,SUN Shi-ren,ZHANG Ling,ZHOU Chun-hua,CHEN Qin-kai,JIA Shun-lian,GONG Zhi-feng,GUAN Guang-ju,XIA Tian,ZHONG Liang-bao
Abstract
Background
Data on the epidemiology of hypertension in Chinese non-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are limited. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in the non-dialysis CKD patients through a nationwide, multicenter study in China.
Methods
The survey was performed in 61 tertiary hospitals in 31 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions in China (except Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan). Trained physicians collected demographic and clinical data and measured blood pressure (BP) using a standardized protocol. Hypertension was defned as systolic BP ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg, and/or use of antihypertensive medications. BP <140/90 mmHg and <130/80 mmHg were used as the 2 thresholds of hypertension control. In multivariate logistic regression with adjustment for sex and age, we analyzed the association between CKD stages and uncontrolled hypertension in non-dialysis CKD patients.
Results
The analysis included 8927 non-dialysis CKD patients. The prevalence, awareness, and treatment of hypertension in non-dialysis CKD patients were 67.3%, 85.8%, and 81.0%, respectively. Of hypertensive CKD patients, 33.1% and 14.1% had controlled BP to <140/90 mmHg and <130/80 mmHg, respectively. With successive CKD stages, the prevalence of hypertension in non-dialysis CKD patients increased, but the control of hypertension decreased (P<0.001). When the threshold of BP <130/80 mmHg was considered, the risk of uncontrolled hypertension in CKD 2, 3a, 3b, 4, and 5 stages increased 1.3, 1.4, 1.4, 2.5, and 4.0 times compared with CKD 1 stage, respectively (P<0.05). Using the threshold of <140/90 mmHg, the risk of uncontrolled hypertension increased in advanced stages (P<0.05).
Conclusions
The prevalence of hypertension Chinese non-dialysis CKD patients was high, and the hypertension control was suboptimal. With successive CKD stages, the risk of uncontrolled hypertension increased.
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
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