Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitor-Induced Hypomagnesaemia: Is There a Best Replacement Strategy?

Abstract

Monoclonal antibodies targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRI), such as cetuximab and panitumumab, are commonly used systemic therapies for advanced colorectal and head and neck cancers. Hypomagnesaemia is a common side effect of these therapies and occurs in up to 30% of patients. Interruption of EGFR signalling in the distal convoluted tubule leads to inactivation of the transcellular transporter transient receptor potential channel melastatin member 6 and increased renal magnesium excretion. This paper describes the incidence, risk factors, and the emerging management options for EGFRI-induced hypomagnesaemia.