HybDeepNet: ECG Signal Based Cardiac Arrhythmia Diagnosis Using a Hybrid Deep Learning Model

Abstract

To monitor electrical indications from the heart and assess its performance, the electrocardiogram (ECG) is the most common and routine diagnostic instrument employed. Cardiac arrhythmias are only one example of the many heart conditions people might have. ECG records are used to diagnose an arrhythmia, an abnormal cardiac beat that can cause a stroke in extreme circumstances. However, due to the extensive data that an ECG contains, it is quite difficult to glean the necessary information through visual analysis. Therefore, it is crucial to develop an effective (automatic) method to analyze the vast amounts of data available from ECG. For decades, researchers have focused on developing methods to automatically and computationally categorize and identify cardiac arrhythmias. However, monitoring for arrhythmias in real-time is challenging. To streamline the detection and classification process, this research presents a hybrid deep learning-based technique. There are two major contributions to this study. To automate the noise reduction and feature extraction, 1D ECG data are first transformed into 2D Scalogram images. Following this, a combined approach called the Residual attention-based 2D-CNN-LSTM-CNN (RACLC) is recommended by merging multiple learning models, specifically the 2D convolutional neural network (CNN) and the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) system, based on research findings. The name of this model comes from a combination of the two deep learning. Both the beats themselves, which provide morphological information, and the beats paired with neighboring segments, which provide temporal information, are essential. Our suggested model simultaneously collects time-domain and morphological ECG signal data and combines them. The application of the attention block to the network helps to strengthen the valuable information, acquire the confidential message in the ECG signal, and boost the efficiency of the model when it comes to categorization. To evaluate the efficacy of the proposed RACLC method, we carried out a complete experimental investigation making use of the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database, which is used by a large number of researchers. The results of our experiments show that the automated detection method we propose is effective.