Analysis of the Immunomodulator Profile of Secondary Metabolites Derived from Streptomyces sp.

Abstract

Objective: To carry out a bibliographical survey, through a narrative literature review, on the use of secondary metabolites of Streptomyces sp. as an immunomodulatory agent.   Results and Discussion: Actinobacteria (phylum Actinomycetota) represent Gram-positive, filamentous, spore-forming bacteria that produce secondary metabolites, compounds that offer an advantage in the growth, reproduction and perpetuation of the microorganism, especially in environments in which there is ecological competition for nutrients and for territory between different species. These metabolites are notably known for their important antimicrobial action, having great utility in clinical, pharmaceutical and industrial settings. More than 10,000 bioactive compounds have already been obtained from actinobacteria, where approximately 75% of them come from the Streptomyces genus, currently responsible for the production of approximately 80% of antibiotics on the market, with great clinical importance. In addition to antimicrobial activity, several studies seek to identify the activity of secondary metabolites of Streptomyces sp. as immunomodulators of the immune response, positively or negatively regulating the chain of events that is established during an aggressive stimulatory process.   Conclusion: The genus Streptomyces is one of the focuses of studies in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industry because its metabolite products present bioactivities of interest to different sectors. The metabolites produced by Streptomyces sp. They have the potential to act as an immunomodulatory booster against diseases, optimizing and regulating the work of the immune system.   Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed, providing insights into how the results can be applied or influence practices in the field of biotechnology. These implications may cover the areas of microbiology, pharmacy, medicines.   Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by addressing the importance of selecting microorganisms with biological activity. The relevance and value of this research are evidenced when it shows the capacity and versatility of microorganisms of industrial interest.