Efficient Black-Box Checking of Snapshot Isolation in Databases

Author:

Huang Kaile1,Liu Si2,Chen Zhenge1,Wei Hengfeng1,Basin David2,Li Haixiang3,Pan Anqun3

Affiliation:

1. State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University

2. ETH Zurich

3. Tencent Inc.

Abstract

Snapshot isolation (SI) is a prevalent weak isolation level that avoids the performance penalty imposed by serializability and simultaneously prevents various undesired data anomalies. Nevertheless, SI anomalies have recently been found in production cloud databases that claim to provide the SI guarantee. Given the complex and often unavailable internals of such databases, a black-box SI checker is highly desirable. In this paper we present PolySI, a black-box checker that efficiently checks SI and provides understandable counterexamples upon detecting violations. PolySI builds on a characterization of SI using generalized polygraphs (GPs), for which we establish its soundness and completeness. PolySI employs an SMT solver and also accelerates SMT solving by utilizing a compact constraint encoding of GPs and domain-specific optimizations for pruning constraints. As our extensive assessment demonstrates, PolySI successfully reproduces all of 2477 known SI anomalies, detects novel SI violations in three production cloud databases, identifies their causes, outperforms the state-of-the-art black-box checkers under a wide range of workloads, and can scale up to large workloads.

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)

Subject

General Earth and Planetary Sciences,Water Science and Technology,Geography, Planning and Development

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1. Checking Transaction Isolation Violations Using Graph Queries;Lecture Notes in Computer Science;2024

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