Diabetes and Depression: Cross-Sectional Study Among Patients in a Tertiary Healthcare Facility in Accra, Ghana

Abstract

Introduction Diabetes is a significant contemporary global health crisis, impacting around 10.5% of the global population and anticipated to rise to 12.2% by 2045. The coexistence of comorbidities is common with diabetes, notably depression, which is on the rise at a faster rate compared to other mental and noncommunicable disorders. The presence of psychological distress can hinder effective treatment, potentially leading to a deterioration in both physical and mental well-being and the exacerbation of psychiatric conditions.  Aim This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of depression among diabetic patients visiting the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital and to determine the knowledge and coping strategies of depression by diabetics.  Method The study was conducted at the Diabetic Clinic of the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital. Convenient Sampling Technique was used. Selection criteria included patients who had been diagnosed with diabetes for at least one year, 18 years and over, patients without other major co morbidities. Questionnaire administered for demographic information, depression severity and coping strategies.  Results The prevalence of depression among diabetic patients was found to be 21%, similar to other studies but lower than rates recorded in other studies. Over 50% of participants had adequate Knowledge of depression in diabetes. Ninety-six percent of participants were found to utilize approach methods to coping. This was attributed to higher levels of education and their possession of adequate knowledge concerning diabetes mellitus.  Conclusion The study findings shows that cultural and environmental factors contribute to variations in depression prevalence and coping mechanisms. Thus, healthcare providers must personalize depression interventions and coping strategies to match each patient's needs. Comprehensive education by clinic staff is also strongly recommended.