Crop residue return sustains global soil ecological stoichiometry balance

Author:

Liu Ji12ORCID,Qiu Tianyi3,Peñuelas Josep45ORCID,Sardans Jordi45ORCID,Tan Wenfeng6ORCID,Wei Xiaomeng7,Cui Yongxing8,Cui Qingliang3,Wu Chuanfa9,Liu Lanfa1,Zhou Baitao1,He Haoran3ORCID,Fang Linchuan1310ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Hubei Province Key Laboratory for Geographical Process Analysis and Simulation Central China Normal University Wuhan China

2. Department of Ecohydrology Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries Berlin Germany

3. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Chinese Academy of Sciences, Northwest A&F University Yangling Shaanxi China

4. CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF‐CSIC‐UAB Bellaterra Catalonia Spain

5. CREAF Cerdanyola del Vallès Catalonia Spain

6. College of Resources and Environment Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan China

7. Key Laboratory of Agro‐ecological Processes in Subtropical Region and Changsha Research Station for Agricultural and Environmental Monitoring Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences Hunan China

8. College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Sino‐French Institute for Earth System Science Peking University Beijing China

9. State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro‐Products Institute of Plant Virology Ningbo University Ningbo China

10. School of Resource and Environmental Engineering Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan China

Abstract

AbstractAlthough soil ecological stoichiometry is constrained in natural ecosystems, its responses to anthropogenic perturbations are largely unknown. Inputs of inorganic fertilizer and crop residue are key cropland anthropogenic managements, with potential to alter their soil ecological stoichiometry. We conducted a global synthesis of 682 data pairs to quantify the responses of soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) and grain yields to combined inputs of crop residue plus inorganic fertilizer compared with only inorganic fertilizer application. Crop residue inputs enhance soil C (10.5%–12%), N (7.63%–9.2%), and P (2.62%–5.13%) contents, with an increase in C:N (2.51%–3.42%) and C:P (7.27%–8.00%) ratios, and grain yields (6.12%–8.64%), indicating that crop residue alleviated soil C limitation caused by inorganic fertilizer inputs alone and was able to sustain balanced stoichiometry. Moreover, the increase in soil C and C:N(P) ratio reached saturation in ~13–16 years after crop residue return, while grain yield increase trend discontinued. Furthermore, we identified that the increased C, N, and P contents and C:N(P) ratios were regulated by the initial pH and C content, and the increase in grain yield was not only related to soil properties, but also negatively related to the amount of inorganic N fertilizer input to a greater extent. Given that crop residual improvement varies with soil properties and N input levels, we propose a predictive model to preliminary evaluate the potential for crop residual improvement. Particularly, we suggest that part of the global budget should be used to subsidize crop residue input management strategies, achieving to a win‐win situation for agricultural production, ecological protection, and climate change mitigation.

Funder

National Key Research and Development Program of China

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

General Environmental Science,Ecology,Environmental Chemistry,Global and Planetary Change

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