1. National Institute for Environmental Studies 16‐2 Onogawa Tsukuba Ibaraki 305‐8506 Japan
2. International Society for Mangrove Ecosystems University of the Ryukyus Nishihara Okinawa 903‐0129 Japan
3. School of Life Science Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences 1432‐1 Horinouchi Hachioji Tokyo 192‐0392 Japan