Adverse outcomes in subsequent pregnancies in women with history of recurrent spontaneous abortion: A meta‐analysis

Abstract

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the association between a history of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) and adverse outcomes in women with spontaneous conception.MethodsA search strategy from the inception to March 3, 2023 was run in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases. The odds ratio (OR), and the 95% confidence interval (CI) or point estimation were used as the evaluation indexes. Each outcome measure tested was assessed for heterogeneity using the Cochran Q test. Sensitivity analyses were performed to test the credibility of the meta‐analysis results.ResultsFifteen studies involving 1 475 389 pregnant women were included. A history of RSA was associated with gestational diabetes (OR: 2.21, 95% CI: 1.70–2.87, p < 0.001), preeclampsia (OR: 2.06, 95% CI: 1.49–2.86, p < 0.001), placenta previa (OR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.09–3.02, p = 0.021), placental abruption (OR: 1.67, 95% CI: 1.36–2.06, p < 0.001), miscarriage (OR: 6.37, 95% CI: 3.83–10.57, p < 0.001), preterm birth (OR: 1.80, 95% CI: 1.36–2.37, p < 0.001), cesarean section (OR: 1.47, 95% CI: (1.13–1.91, p = 0.004), perinatal death (OR: 2.24, 95% CI: 1.39–3.60, p = 0.001), and neonatal intensive care unit admission (OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.01–1.92, p = 0.047). However, the associations of a history of RSA with gestational hypertension, small for gestational age, fetal anomalies, fetal growth restriction, and postpartum hemorrhage were not observed.ConclusionThis meta‐analysis indicates a history of RSA was associated with increased risks of several adverse outcomes in pregnant women with spontaneous conception.