Histological and histomorphometric study of human palatal mucosa: Implications for connective tissue graft harvesting

Author:

García‐Caballero Lucía1ORCID,Gándara Marina1,Cepeda‐Emiliani Alfonso1ORCID,Gallego Rosalía1,Gude Francisco2,Suárez‐Quintanilla Juan3,Ramos‐Barbosa Isabel4,Blanco‐Carrión Juan5ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Morphological Sciences (Histology Area), School of Medicine and Dentistry University of Santiago de Compostela and Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS) Santiago de Compostela Spain

2. Epidemiology Unit University Clinical Hospital and Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS) Santiago de Compostela Spain

3. Department of Morphological Sciences (Anatomy and Embryology Area), School of Medicine and Dentistry University of Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain

4. Orthodontic Unit, School of Medicine and Dentistry University of Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain

5. Periodontology Unit, School of Medicine and Dentistry University of Santiago de Compostela, and Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS) Santiago de Compostela Spain

Abstract

AbstractAimsTo analyse the histological structure and histomorphometric characteristics of human hard palatal mucosa in order to determine the donor site of choice for connective tissue grafts from a histological point of view.Materials and MethodsPalatal mucosa samples from six cadaver heads were harvested at four sites: incisal, premolar, molar and tuberosity. Histological and immunohistochemical techniques were performed, as was histomorphometric analysis.ResultsIn the current study, we found that the density and size of cells were higher in the superficial papillary layer, whereas the thickness of the collagen bundles increased in the reticular layer. Excluding the epithelium, the mean percentage of lamina propria (LP) and submucosa (SM) was 37% and 63%, respectively (p < .001). LP thickness showed similar values in the incisal, premolar and molar regions, and a significantly greater thickness in tuberosity (p < .001). The thickness of SM increased from incisal to premolar and molar, disappearing in the tuberosity (p < .001).ConclusionsAs dense connective tissue of LP is the tissue of choice for connective tissue grafts, the best donor site from a histological point of view is tuberosity because it is composed only of a thick LP without the presence of a loose submucosal layer.

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Periodontics

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