The impact of IdeS (imlifidase) on allo‐specific, xeno‐reactive, and protective antibodies in a sensitized rhesus macaque model

Author:

DeLaura Isabel1,Zikos Joanna2,Anwar Imran J.1,Yoon Janghoon1,Ladowski Joseph1,Jackson Annette1,Van Rompay Koen3,Magnani Diogo2,Knechtle Stuart J.1,Kwun Jean1

Affiliation:

1. Duke Transplant Center, Department of Surgery Duke University Medical Center Durham North Carolina USA

2. MassBiologics of University of Massachusetts Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA

3. California National Primate Research Center University of California Davis California USA

Abstract

AbstractBackgroundHighly sensitized patients face many barriers to kidney transplantation, including higher rates of antibody‐mediated rejection after HLA‐incompatible transplant. IdeS, an endopeptidase that cleaves IgG nonspecifically, has been trialed as desensitization prior to kidney transplant, and successfully cleaves donor‐specific antibody (DSA), albeit with rebound.MethodsIdeS was generated and tested (2 mg/kg, IV) in two naïve and four allosensitized nonhuman primates (NHP). Peripheral blood samples were collected at regular intervals following IdeS administration. Total IgG, total IgM, and anti‐CMV antibodies were quantified with ELISA, and donor‐specific antibody (DSA) and anti‐pig antibodies were evaluated using flow cytometric crossmatch. B cell populations were assessed using flow cytometry.ResultsIdeS successfully cleaved rhesus IgG in vitro. In allosensitized NHP, robust reduction of total, DSA, anti‐pig, and anti‐CMV IgG was observed within one day following IdeS administration. Rapid rebound of all IgG antibody populations was observed, with antibody levels returning to baseline around day 14 post‐infusion. Total IgM level was not affected by IdeS. Interestingly, a comparable reduction in antibody populations was observed after the second dose of IdeS. However, we have not observed any significant modulation of B cell subpopulations after IdeS.ConclusionsThis study evaluated efficacy of IdeS in the allosensitized NHP in IgG with various specificities, mirroring antibody kinetics in human patients. The efficacy of IdeS on preexisting anti‐pig antibodies may be useful in clinical xenotransplantation. However, given the limitation of IdeS on its durability as a monotherapy, optimization of IdeS with other agents targeting the humoral response is further needed.

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Transplantation,Immunology

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