Feedback negativity and feedback‐related P3 in individuals at risk for depression: Comparing surface potentials and current source densities

Author:

Gao Yifan1,Panier Lidia Y. X.1,Gameroff Marc J.12,Auerbach Randy P.2,Posner Jonathan2,Weissman Myrna M.12,Kayser Jürgen12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Division of Translational Epidemiology New York State Psychiatric Institute New York New York USA

2. Department of Psychiatry Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University New York New York USA

Abstract

AbstractBlunted responses to reward feedback have been linked to major depressive disorder (MDD) and depression risk. Using a monetary incentive delay task (win, loss, break‐even), we investigated the impact of family risk for depression and lifetime history of MDD and anxiety disorder with 72‐channel electroencephalograms (EEG) recorded from 29 high‐risk and 32 low‐risk individuals (15–58 years, 30 male). Linked‐mastoid surface potentials (ERPs) and their corresponding reference‐free current source densities (CSDs) were quantified by temporal principal components analysis (PCA). Each PCA solution revealed a midfrontal feedback negativity (FN; peak around 310 ms) and a posterior feedback‐P3 (fb‐P3; 380 ms) as two distinct reward processing stages. Unbiased permutation tests and multilevel modeling of component scores revealed greater FN to loss than win and neutral for all stratification groups, confirming FN sensitivity to valence. Likewise, all groups had greater fb‐P3 to win and loss than neutral, confirming that fb‐P3 indexes motivational salience and allocation of attention. By contrast, group effects were subtle, dependent on data transformation (ERP, CSD), and did not confirm reduced FN or fb‐P3 for at‐risk individuals. Instead, CSD‐based fb‐P3 was overall reduced in individuals with than without MDD history, whereas ERP‐based fb‐P3 was greater for high‐risk individuals than for low‐risk individuals for monetary, but not neutral outcomes. While the present findings do not support blunted reward processing in depression and depression risk, our side‐by‐side comparison underscores how the EEG reference choice affects the characterization of subtle group differences, strongly advocating the use of reference‐free techniques.

Funder

National Institute of Mental Health

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Experimental and Cognitive Psychology,Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology,Biological Psychiatry,Cognitive Neuroscience,Developmental Neuroscience,Endocrine and Autonomic Systems,Neurology,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology,Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology,General Neuroscience

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